The Role of Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase IV(PADI4) in Cancers

Author(s):

Xiangmei Wu, Yuji Wang and Wenjing Wang*   Pages 256 - 265 ( 10 )

Abstract:

<p>Background: Peptidyl arginine deiminase IV (PADI4, also called PAD4), a Ca²⁺-dependent posttranslational modification enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of arginine residues to non-coded citrulline residues. Dysregulation of PADI4 is involved in a variety of diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer&#039;s disease (AD) and many kinds of malignant tumors. <p> Objective: The roles of PADI4 in different tumors and the underlying molecular mechanisms are presented in this article. <p> Results: PADI4-mediated citrullination is associated with either transcriptional activation or repression in different contexts. Abnormal expression of PADI4 exists in a variety of malignant tumors and affects tumor progression and metastasis. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may be the underlying molecular mechanisms. <p> Conclusion: PADI4 plays crucial role in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of tumors, and PADI4 may be an effective biomarker for cancer prognosis and a potential target for cancer treatment.</p>

Keywords:

PADI4, citrullination, cancer, EMT, NETs, apoptosis.

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